Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Strategic management, portfolio, program and project management

PROJECT TEAM MANAGEMENT MODEL UNDER RISK CONDITIONS

2023-08-27T15:15:23+03:00

The paper examines the state of the problem of the influence of risks on the project team's work process. The processes of the team's work during the
implementation of the project sprint are defined. The authors identified risk factors that affect the effectiveness of the project team. An analysis of
modern approaches was carried out and three directions were identified, which represent the research of project team management processes under
conditions of risk. A comprehensive reference model of project team management under risk conditions is proposed in the form of a framework. It
reflects the interrelationship of four models: the project team behavior model, the model for assessing the quality of the formation of sprint tasks, the
model for determining the distribution of tasks in the project team, and the model for the formation of recommendations. The project team evaluates
the text description of the task, obtained from the information system, using the sprint task formation quality assessment model. Natural language
processing methods are used to create a model for evaluating the quality of forming sprint tasks, which combine the method of processing text
information and the method of learning based on precedents, which allows taking into account the previous experience of the team and its behavior.
The project team behavior model allows taking into account the risks of irrational work organization during the sprint. The behavior of the project
team is analyzed using Process Mining methods. The case representation model allows the project team to store and reuse knowledge and experience
based on simulation modeling and reinforcement learning approaches. It allows the team to determine and evaluate possible options for the distribution
of tasks and resources in the team in accordance with the reduction of possible risks. The central element of the proposed framework is the model of
recommendations used in decision-making. It provides the project team with the necessary information for effective decision-making in terms of risks
in project management. The proposed framework provides an opportunity to reduce the impact of the risks of non-fulfillment of project tasks during
the sprint. Further studies of the task of managing the project team under conditions of risk should be directed to the development of specified models
of the proposed framework

THE METHOD OF FORMING THE CREATIVE TEAM OF IT PROJECT

2023-08-27T15:43:12+03:00

The specificity of project team formation is determined by the development of project management concepts, changes in society and in production. Management processes that are related to the human factor are a constant subject of interest for scientists. For effective management of IT projects, qualified people with certain competencies are needed, who create the core of the team in order to fulfill the assigned tasks. The future of the project will depend on how efficiently and "correctly" the team will be formed. The work offers the author's vision of the team formation procedure based on competence, psychological and quantitative criteria, taking into account the features of IT projects with a high degree of innovation, which require flexible management tools and self-managed, self-organizing teams. The task of forming a minimally viable IT project team is proposed to be solved by expanding the range of competencies of each member of the project team under the condition of minimizing its quantitative composition. The minimum complete team model of Raymond M. Belbin (idea generator, critic, and executor) was adopted as the basis for the formation of the IT project team. The application of a creative approach to the management of innovative IT projects, namely the design thinking technique, requires the allocation of an additional role - an empath. The generalized method of forming an IT project team with a high degree of innovation, which will use design thinking technology as a leading technology for software product development, is presented in the form of an algorithm.

PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF AGILE METHODOLOGIES DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF A ROUTE NETWORK PROJECT FOR TRANSPORT OPERATOR

2023-08-31T15:26:16+03:00

The paper considers the features of Agile project management methodologies such as Scrum, Kanban, and Lean manufacturing. The experience of
their use in transport systems and technologies is studied. During the research, it was determined that these methodologies are often used for the
organisation of freight transportation and logistics, and there is almost no information on their implementation in urban passenger transportation. The
use of alternative methods for managing road transport enterprises and projects is essential as it will contribute to the effective organisation of
passenger transportation and estimation of the rational fleet size, which, in turn, will improve the quality of service for passengers, reduce adverse
transport monopoly effects, promote business development and create new jobs. This will allow people to access healthcare and educational services,
save time and resources, and reduce travel costs. The paper proposes to combine the principles of the Scrum methodology and the cascade approach by
the example of managing the project devoted to improving the route network of a public transport operator. A list of actions and processes necessary to
reflect the project sprints is provided. The research results show that implementing the agile management principles will improve the quality of
modelling and project development and positively influence the enterprise management culture.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANTI-RISK METHOD OF OPTIMIZING BUSINESS PROCESSES

2023-10-16T21:31:15+03:00

The introduction of digital transformation projects into the socio-economic management system requires the development of new tools and approaches to information risk management as the main lever of the project's success. In order to solve this problem, the latest scientific achievements in the direction of development and implementation of anti-risk methods for various sectors of the economy were analyzed. This analysis once again confirmed the axiom about the need to manage risks, and today, information risks, which in the era of digitalization are becoming the main problem for many organizations. The purpose of this article is to develop models and an algorithm for the anti-risk method of optimizing business processes in organizations. An anti-risk method of optimizing business processes is proposed, developed on the basis of conceptual and mathematical models of information risk management in projects of digital business transformation. The work demonstrates the concept of the method, the idea of which is the simultaneous analysis of the information risks of the organization, its projects and its environment with the application of uniform countermeasures to them, which leads to a reduction in terms and costs of project implementation. Also given is a mathematical description of the information risk management model in digital business transformation projects, as a manager's toolkit for calculating key project indicators. The proposed anti-risk method of optimizing business processes allows you to eliminate the excessive cost of operations, the time of operations, the inconsistency of actions of participants and take into account information risks. It was concluded that this anti-risk method of optimizing business processes acquires practical significance and value in the process of choosing strategies for further actions in project management.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SELF-ORGANIZING PROCESSES IN BIOLOGY AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT

2023-10-16T21:40:48+03:00

A bee swarm, termite colony, anthill, mycelia are just a few biological systems that exist in nature for millions of years, survive and evolve. All the biological systems listed above are united by one concept - the concept of self-organization. Evolutionary processes occurring in these biological systems have been studied for decades by various scientists. This article analyzes the similarity of self-organization processes in biological systems and project teams. The relevance of the topic lies in the importance of rethinking the processes of self-organization in project teams and in building a new structure for the further development of the concepts of self-learning and self-management. As you know, the key resource for the development of society and the economy is the human resource, which cannot always be systematically managed under the supervision of the manager. Self-organization is an important aspect of team life in our future, precisely because of the mobility of functions. This process is characterized by the ability to rationally organize work, both one's own and the work of subordinate teams. Thereby, an effectively designed system of self-management, which takes into account the specifics of the organization's work and the current economic situation, is considered one of the key factors contributing to the achievement of the goals set by the organization. A new look at the structures of the synergetic level, which were established by the laws of physics and nature, will allow us to develop and establish new paradigms in the processes of self-organization and self-management.

MODERN APPROACHES TO PROJECT PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT IN THE ROAD CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

2023-10-16T21:48:21+03:00

The project approach is successfully implemented in all areas of human activity, in particular in the transport industry, and has proven itself as an effective and efficient tool for managing transport companies. Considering the large number of areas of activity in the transport sector, it is expedient to combine individual projects that are being implemented into programs and portfolios. In this study, an analysis of scientific works in the transport industry was carried out, which showed that the current state of affairs in this field requires the development of strategic management tools and their implementation in their activities. The works of scientists on strategic management and management of project portfolios of companies in various fields of activity were also considered, which showed that the available works can become the basis for developing models and methods of managing project portfolios in the field of road construction, but do not fully take into account the peculiarities of this field. The authors propose the application of a portfolio approach to the company's activities in the field of road construction. In this work, a study of the development directions of the road industry was carried out and the sources of filling the state road fund, from which financing of the specified development directions was provided, were determined, as well as an analysis of the standard of project portfolio management was carried out. In order to improve the quality of project portfolio management in the field of road construction, it is advisable to improve the implementation of strategic management processes, portfolio management, and to introduce those processes that are not yet being implemented. This can also be done by developing and implementing project portfolio management information technology in the field of road construction, which will enable the implementation of strategic management and project portfolio management.

ATTRIBUTABLE TRAIT OF THE BEHAVIORAL COMPETENCE OF A PROJECT MANAGEMENT SPECIALIST

2023-10-16T21:55:24+03:00

The subject of the article is the defined concept of self-confidence as one of the attributes of a project manager, which affects the ability to successfully complete the tasks provided by the project. The purpose of the article is to reveal the role and meaning of self-confidence as an attribute of the personality of a project management specialist, primarily a project manager, as well as to substantiate the possibilities and conditions for the purposeful development of this trait. The task of the research is to determine the conditions and tools for the development of self-confidence as an important behavioral competence of a project management specialist. To reveal the nature of the dynamic character of a person's self-confidence as a specific mental formation and to show that this opens up the possibilities of consistent and purposeful development of self-confidence. Research methods include, firstly, the analysis of the role of self-confidence as an attributive quality in the system of behavioral competencies in the process of forming an effective project team. Secondly, determination of confidence indicators of the project manager and the project team as a whole using the methods of cognitive theory and expert evaluations. Thirdly, the identification of traits and qualities that determine self-confidence using methods and mechanisms of project management, pedagogy and psychology. The results. The experience of self-confidence development of future project management specialists is analyzed. The need to include professionally significant personal traits and qualities in the general system of professional training of project management specialists is substantiated. The meaning and meaning of the phenomenon of self-confidence as one of the attributes of a project manager is revealed. It is substantiated that the development of confidence in team members and the leader's confidence in his project team affects the ability to successfully complete the tasks provided for by the project. Conclusions. First, self-confidence is a specific type of the more general concept of confidence as a psychological state of a person in which he considers certain propositions to be true and does not assume doubts about the possibility of rejecting them or refuting them. Secondly, self-confidence is a person's awareness and experience of his abilities and opportunities, adequate to the goals and tasks that appear before him or that he himself sets for himself, his life and activities. Thirdly, the formation and development of self-confidence of future project management specialists can be carried out quite effectively both through the purposeful use of trainings, business and role-playing games, analysis of problematic situations, etc., and through providing them with convincing advice and recommendations regarding the need to make appropriate changes in their character, behavior and relationships with other people. Fourthly, it is expedient for teachers to identify the level of self-esteem and demands of students, compare it with the real level of competence of each of them, and produce effective, sufficiently substantiated consultations and recommendations for personal development based on an individual approach. We consider enrichment of the material by analyzing the practical experience of graduates' professional activities in the field of project management as further research in the considered direction.

ANALYSIS OF THE DEFERRED SOLUTIONS METHOD FOR FINDING OF HAMILTONIAN CYCLE ON A GRAPH

2023-10-28T12:28:28+03:00

The subject of research is the solving of the problem of finding a Hamiltonian cycle on a graph, which belongs to the NP complexity class. The purpose of the work is to develop an effective polynomial algorithm for its optimal solving. This work is a continuation of the author's previous work, where the method of deferred solutions is proposed, which uses a iterating over acceptable solutions scheme, which is explaining by the inability to formulate conditions for directly finding the optimal solution. For a graph of n vertices, the size of the iteration space is (n-1)!. For large values n, the time costs are unacceptably large and their reduction is required. During the operation of the deferred solutions method, until the generated solution of the problem becomes a Hamiltonian cycle, it has name – a partial solution. The scheme underlying the deferred solutions method provides: the rejection of the complete construction of all solutions, the simultaneous formation of a set of partial solutions, the discarding of unpromising solutions, the possibility of returning to deferred partial solutions if necessary, the exclusion of the loss of the optimal solution when discarding partial solutions. However, as shown, only when choosing the correct estimate of partial solutions. At first, the real length of the partial solution path was using as an estimate. For an incomplete graph of 20 vertices, the optimal solution found in 0.005 minutes, but on a complete graph of 20 vertices, the search time was commensurate with the search of all possible solutions to the problem. The article analyzes and shows that the real length of the path as an estimate is logically justified and guarantees finding the optimal solution. However, does not always guarantee the minimum time spent searching for it, since when searching through the space of acceptable solutions, a search in width scheme worked out, which entails the construction of almost all acceptable solutions. This explains the different time spent on finding the optimal solution for tests incomplete and complete graphs – the sets of acceptable solutions differ significantly. In this work, as an alternative, another estimate is proposing – the path length of the partial solution, measured in the arcs of the graph. As shown that the use of this estimate leads to a search of solutions in depth. This estimate reduces the time to find a solution, but does not guarantee an optimal result. For the successful application of the method, it is necessary to develop a new estimate of partial solutions that would combine the qualities of the estimates considered.

THE ROLE OF A MEDIATOR IN MANAGING ART PROJECT TEAMS

2023-10-28T12:41:33+03:00

The paper reviews and analyzes approaches to the formation of project teams. The disadvantages, probability and feasibility of applying each approach to the implementation of art projects are identified. Approaches to team building and parameters for determining well-coordinated teamwork that directly affect its effectiveness are considered and analyzed. Arguments are presented for the expediency of involving a psychology specialist both for the organization as a whole and for the project team during the implementation of a specific project. Arguments are presented for the expediency of involving a mediator in projects of any field and, especially, in art projects. The roles and tasks of psychology and mediation specialists in managing art project teams are clarified in order to analyze the functional similarities and differences in their work. On the basis of this analysis, a matrix of distribution of functions is formed, which determines which of the most common situations in the work on an art project are within the competence of a psychologist, and which require the intervention of a mediator. This analysis proves the need to involve a professional mediation specialist in the implementation of art projects, along with a psychologist, for a more effective outcome in resolving conflicts and disputes, including the settlement of conflicts of interest arising in the process of negotiating and concluding agreements and contracts. This matrix can be used not only for art projects, but also as a useful tool for a project manager in the distribution of functions when engaging a mediator in projects of any kind. Two ways of involving a mediator in an art project are considered: as a full-time employee of the organization and inviting an external specialist to work on a specific project. The advantages and disadvantages of each of them are analyzed. The result of the analysis shows that it is impossible to unambiguously determine the optimal method for all art projects. Based on the priorities of the art project customer and an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of each method, the project manager chooses the method of involving a mediator in each art project separately.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR IT-PROJECT TEAM CREATION

2023-10-28T12:47:48+03:00

Team creation is a critical aspect of successful IT project realisation. Implementation of effective project management in modern conditions of dynamic technologies requires the presence of a highly qualified team, taking into account the constraits of the project. Working with such a set of data could be simplified by development of an information technology for creation IT project teams. Such technology simplifies the process of selecting a project team, choosing highly qualified members who meet the unique requirements of IT projects. The implementation of such automatisation helps to solve the issue of distribution of competences, coordination and monitoring of work processes related to the creation of the project team. In addition, taking into account the constant development of technologies, information technology allows users to quickly adapt to changes in market requirements and innovations in the field of IT, which is a key factor for ensuring competitiveness. Therefore, the purpose of this work is the development of information technology for the IT project team creation. An additional goal is to create a web application "Teamform" aimed at the process of creation the IT project team. Information technology uses a method of the IT project team creation previously developed by the authors. The method consists of three stages. At the first stage, a set of candidates is determined, the assessment of whose competences meets the requirements of the project. At the second stage, team options are formed in accordance with project requirements. The third step of the method is the selection of a team in accordance with the chosen statement of the problem. The developed information technology and web-application "Teamform" allow creating an effective team of software developers that meets the requirements of the project.

DEVELOPMENT OF A KNOWLEDGE BASE ON THE INTEGRATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES

2023-10-28T12:58:56+03:00

In the context of global disruptions caused by pandemics, massive armed conflicts, and other destructive factors, the economic sector requires a reevaluation of paradigms and the application of new approaches and tools for project management. Risk management, as a component of the management system, is undergoing transformation in a state of perpetual uncertainty and turbulence. Project management methodology, as a means of achieving defined goals, cannot be solely based on predictable attributes and must provide flexibility in response to dynamic changes in the external and internal environment. The rapid pace of digital transformation is shaping a new understanding of the digital space, its content, automation tools, and information support. The rapid development of information technologies based on artificial intelligence and the intensive migration of production and management processes to remote forms necessitate business adaptation to new conditions and effective application by project managers. The information field is overloaded with various project management methodologies, a large amount of derivative and secondary information characterized by a lack of clear structure and low practical value. The continuous transformation of the modern environment requires scientific research to explore the development and adaptation of flexible and hybrid approaches to project management by use of modern information systems. The purpose of this article is to develop a concept of integrating project management methodologies with the resources of a corporate knowledge base. The article explores current knowledge in project management methodology through the genesis and analysis of document interrelationships, which allows for the identification of dependencies and potential synergistic effects of such methodologies. Integration methods and components of these methodologies are analyzed, revealed, and complemented to ensure effective project management. A concept is developed to facilitate a creative approach to project management with an interactive system for accumulation, structuring, implementation, retrospective, and adaptation of accumulated knowledge regarding project management approaches within an enterprise. Principles for constructing a corporate knowledge base on project management methodologies are formulated, and approaches to applying accumulated knowledge are discussed. The proposed tool is implemented with the support of modern information systems, enabling the application of adaptive, valid, and effective project management methods tailored to individual project requirements. The conclusion is drawn that the proposed concept of a corporate knowledge base, combined with existing methods of integrating project management methodologies, is a promising foundational tool for implementing a creative and proactive approach to project management.

PROACTIVE PROJECT MANAGEMENT OF LOGISTICS ENTERPRISES

2023-10-28T13:06:04+03:00

The article is devoted to justifying the feasibility of using a proactive approach in the field of project management of logistics enterprises. An analysis of scientific research and developments regarding the prospects of using this approach for the successful implementation of projects has been carried out. The essence of proactive project management has been studied and the understanding that the transformation of enterprises in this direction is a priority direction of their sustainable development: it is possible to achieve significant results in the implementation of projects of a logistics enterprise, when, even at the initial stages, a team of project managers predicts the factors influencing the project and the possible consequences of their occurrence, and will also plan measures aimed at preventing crisis situations. Advantages and disadvantages of reactive and proactive management are highlighted. The use of a proactive approach in project management of logistics enterprises will create opportunities for early diagnosis and prediction of risks, prevention of problems, allocation of priority tasks taking into account the necessary resources. The mechanism for diagnosing risk situations will take into account possible and new changes, the recurrence of situations, will determine the degree of threat of these changes, will ensure a quick response to changes can have a negative impact on the activity of the enterprise as a whole. This, in turn, will increase the competitiveness of the enterprise and optimize its work.