Bulletin of NTU "KhPI". Series: Strategic management, portfolio, program and project management

STRATEGIC PROJECT MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT UNDER INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

This paper explores the dynamic intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and strategic project management (SPM), investigating the transformative effects of AI technologies on traditional project management practices. As organizations navigate an increasingly complex and fast-paced business environment, the integration of AI in SPM emerges as a catalyst for efficiency, adaptability, and informed decision-making. The study delves into key facets of SPM influenced by AI, including data-driven decision-making, predictive analytics, automation of routine tasks, and resource optimization. The role of AI in risk management, particularly in identifying, assessing, and mitigating project risks, is examined in detail. Furthermore, the paper explores how natural language processing (NLP) fosters enhanced communication within project teams, contributing to a more collaborative and connected working environment. Adaptive project planning, facilitated by AI, is investigated as a mechanism for responding to evolving project dynamics in real-time. The paper underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and reporting enabled by AI, providing project managers with timely insights for strategic adjustments. The concept of continuous improvement, driven by AI-driven analytics, is explored as organizations seek to refine and optimize their project management approaches based on past experiences. Ethical considerations and responsible AI practices are emphasized as integral components of AI integration in SPM. The paper concludes by highlighting the synergistic potential of human expertise and AI capabilities, envisioning a future where organizations can leverage AI to achieve more adaptive, efficient, and successful project outcomes. This comprehensive review aims to contribute to the understanding of AI's transformative influence on strategic project management, providing insights for practitioners, researchers, and organizations seeking to navigate the evolving landscape of project management in the era of artificial intelligence.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT MODELS FOR DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN SELF-MANAGED ORGANIZATIONS IN A SYNCRETIC CONTEXT

Sergey Bushuyev, Andrii Ivko — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The relevance of developing models and methods of syncretic management for development projects of self-managed organizations is justified. The practical value of such models for infrastructure restoration projects in Ukraine is emphasized. The methodological approach of syncretic management to the implementation of infrastructure restoration projects was proposed, an analysis of the environment for the implementation of development projects of self-managed organizations was carried out, including the characteristics of the environment of the management models of development projects, suitable models of the life cycle of development projects and the main elements of the self-managed approach for use in the studied projects. Three characteristics of the life cycle model for development projects of self-managed organizations are defined, and a four-phase model is proposed: initialization, implementation, testing, and closure. The main elements of the self-managed approach were identified for use in the studied projects, consisting of seven such elements: the use of the principle of self-management, collegial decision-making, the absence of a formal leader, the assumption of responsibility by members of a self-managed team, self-determination of motivation, the use of holacracy models and methods, independent development of competence by participants teams Two models were proposed - α-model and β-model of management of development projects of self-managed organizations in a syncretic context. Visualization of the specified models, their description and comparative characteristics were provided. In the development of this approach, a complex model of management of development projects of self-managed organizations was also formalized in a syncretic context, in the form of a formal eight using set theory. a SWOT analysis of the proposed models was carried out, their strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats that may arise as a result of their use were highlighted. A conclusion was made based on the results of the SWOT analysis. Prospects for further research in the chosen direction were formulated. It was determined that the qualified implementation of the mentioned developments in the practice of infrastructure restoration projects will potentially increase the effectiveness of such projects and portfolios of such projects.

COGNITIVE MODELING FOR STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF THE COMPETITIVE IT COMPANY STATUS

Marina Grinchenko, Volodymyr Moskalenko — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The stages of strategic analysis from the point of view of determining the competitive potential of the IT company and the market climate are considered. An approach to determining the company's strategic position based on the results of the analysis of the company's internal potential and competitive climate is given. It is shown that according to the theory of I. Ansoff, to calculate the indicator of the company's competitive status, which characterizes its strategic success, it is necessary to conduct an analysis of the company's opportunities to be competitive on the market. It is proposed to determine the company's competitive capabilities as an integral indicator of strategic KPIs - key indicators of the IT company's activity. A description of the system of key performance indicators, which is used by an IT company to analyze the results of its activities according to aspects: finances, customers, business processes and personnel, is described. The need to conduct a factor analysis of the integral indicator of the company's competitive capabilities to determine strategies for the development of aspects of its activity is substantiated. For this purpose, it is proposed to build a cognitive model considering the strategic vision of the development of the IT company during the planned period. The conceptual basis of the cognitive model for determining the development strategy, which establishes a sequence of strategic steps that will ensure the transition from the current state of the IT company to the target one, is described. It is substantiated that carrying out such modeling will allow to determine the prerequisites for creating and maintaining the appropriate level of the company's market advantage. It will also make it possible to assess the elements of the company's strategic potential, for example, the provision of resources for the implementation of development strategies, the adequacy of the chosen strategy to the external environment, etc. A cognitive map was built to display and identify the strength of cause-and-effect relationships between aspects of activity and strategic KPIs, the values of which characterize the achievement of the IT company's development goal. The use of fuzzy cognitive modeling as a means of researching weakly structured systems, including as a tool for strategic analysis of the IT company's activities, is substantiated. The task of fuzzy cognitive modeling was formed to identify the degrees of influence of aspects of activity on the value of the CRI.

SPECIFICS AND COMPLEXITY OF THIRD-PARTY LIBRARY MIGRATIONS IN IT-PROJECTS

Alexander Lysenko, Igor Kononenko — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

An analysis has been conducted on the relevance of the problem of migrating third-party tools in IT projects, which is characterized by regularity and presents challenges for developers in terms of decision-making. The analysis shows that the migration of third-party tools requires developers not only to have technical knowledge and skills but also a deep understanding of migration management strategies, risk assessment methods, and the ability to integrate new tools into existing projects without negatively impacting the workflow. The necessity of migrating third-party tools in the IT field, which is a crucial aspect for ensuring the relevance, efficiency, and innovation of software in a rapidly changing technological landscape, is directly considered. Main attention is given to the review of modern research and methodologies aimed at simplifying the process of tool migration, reducing development and support costs, and enhancing software security. Proposals regarding comprehensive approaches to managing migrations are considered, including the use of automated systems for analyzing large volumes of data about the history of changes in projects, risk assessment, and effective communication among all project participants. The justification for the significance of migrating third-party tools to ensure the sustainable development of software in a dynamically changing technological environment is discussed. The need for further research in this field is highlighted, aimed at developing new tools and methodologies to optimize the migration process, with the goal of enhancing developer productivity and ensuring the high quality of final software products. The importance of a systematic and comprehensive approach to migrating third-party tools, based on detailed data analysis, a deep understanding of risks, effective communication, and the application of modern technological solutions, is emphasized.

THE WAREHOUSE AND STRUCTURE OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR ORGANIZING PLANNED PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

Anton Makohonov, Ivan Marynych — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The work is devoted to the consideration of the information system components, which can be used for effective organization and implementation of planned and preventive repairs in industrial and infrastructure facilities. The rationale for the performance of such works is given. It is also determined that one of the ways to improve their efficiency is the introduction of computerized maintenance management systems. Accordingly, a review of some existing solutions on the market was conducted. Given the advantages and disadvantages of existing solutions are characterized. It is noted that even in Western economies, despite the importance of this tool in service management, the success rate of successfully implementing such systems, even in large, well-resourced organizations, is poor. According to Internet research, the number of successful implementations is only about 25-40% and the number of users using computerized maintenance management systems or enterprise asset management systems to its full potential is only 6-15%. Taking into account the lag in the development of the economy and business processes in Ukraine, this indicator will be even lower. Based on the analysis of these systems, a model of the planned preventive maintenance information system for the Ukrainian market is proposed. The model has the following advantages: ease of understanding and use; accessibility for Ukrainian users; low cost of use. The model includes the following main components: registration and management of companies; creating and managing projects; creation and management of tasks; entering and tracking expenses; functionality for work planning; accountng of sick leave and vacations of employees. The next step in system development is integration with equipment monitoring systems. The collected data on their condition will allow to develop a machine learning model for the implementation of one of the elements of Industry 4.0 - predictive maintenance.

PROBLEM ANALYSIS OF FORECASTING CRYPTOCURRENCY MARKET TRENDS AND MODERN APPROACHES TO ITS SOLUTION

Valentyna Moskalenko, Nataliia Fonta, Anton Havrylenko, Oleksii Bezchastnyi — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The current problem of forecasting trends in the cryptocurrency market and modern approaches to solving them are considered. Two main factors have been identified that influence the value of cryptocurrency: the size of the cryptocurrency market and the growth rate of market volumes. The results of research on the prospects of the crypto market are presented, including the fact that Bitcoin in the future may be a protection against the fall of the US dollar for financial market participants. Researchers also view bitcoins not as cash, but as an investment asset. It is concluded that regulation and economic policies related to the use of cryptocurrencies are gradually being strengthened by many countries as its investment attractiveness increases. An analysis of the problem of forecasting the cryptocurrency market trend is presented. An analysis of research and publications on methods for predicting the value of cryptocurrency is presented. Traditional time series forecasting models, such as the ARIMA model, are effective for financial forecasting, but their use is less effective for markets with high volatility, which is typical for cryptocurrencies. Cryptocurrency price forecasting is a time series problem that can be solved using regression and other machine learning techniques. The results of modern research into the potential of machine learning in identifying complex trends and patterns are presented. It has been proven that deep learning methods can be effective in predicting time series with significant fluctuations and almost chaotic and unpredictable behavior. It is concluded that the main aspect is to create flexible models that can adapt to new data and changes in market dynamics. Combining traditional technical factor analysis techniques with innovative machine learning techniques can result in powerful hybrid models. These models use both quantitative and qualitative data to develop better forecasts. The feasibility of developing software systems that implement modern methods of artificial intelligence, including machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing and other technologies to provide market analysis, identify patterns and forecast crypto market trends is substantiated. The use of such software will assist investors in identifying potentially profitable investment opportunities, managing risks and making informed decisions in conditions of high uncertainty.

RESEARCH OF THE MANAGEMENT OF SOFTWARE SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT USING THE RESOURCES OF CLOUD PROVIDERS

Andrii Pashniev, Mykola Sliepushkov, Denys Hurt, Iryna Liutenko — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The main stages of the process of deploying a software system using the resources of cloud providers are analyzed. The models of possible options for managing the deployment of a software system using the BPMN notation are developed. Based on the modeling, the advantages and disadvantages of non-automated, automated, and automatic management of the deployment process are identified. A model of automatic deployment of a software system using the resources of cloud providers' data centers in IDEF0 notation has been developed and decomposed, which allowed to study the functional interaction of individual stages of the software system deployment process. Based on the developed contextual and decomposition IDEF0 diagrams, within the framework of modeling the software system deployment process, an analysis of the functional interaction of the Build and Deploy stages was carried out, which showed that these stages have the greatest functional load and require more detailed research in order to find ways to optimize them. With this purpose, were developed and analyzed IDEF0 and DFD decomposition diagrams that model the functional interaction and data flows between the components of the Build and Deploy subprocesses. Analysis of the functional interaction and data flows generated and transferred between the individual components of the Build and Deploy subprocesses revealed an important aspect, which is that each time the source code is compiled, and the container is created, data must be loaded from external libraries. This, in turn, leads to a significant increase in external traffic, which affects the speed of deployment of software systems using the resources of cloud providers' data centers. As a possible way to optimize the Build and Deploy subprocesses, was proposed to create a cache to save the downloaded data from external libraries for reuse, as well as implement control over queries to external libraries and the data caching process, which will minimize the time spent on transferring data from external libraries during automatic deployment.

PROJECT ACTIVITIES MODELING OF SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGIES

Kateryna Semenchuk — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The work is devoted to the consideration of the information system components, which can be used for effective organization and This study is devoted to the reseach of supply chain strategies in project activities. Considered strategies for supply chains, through which better customer service will lead to increased supplies and reduced costs, will bring benefits to all supply chain stakeholders. An illustrative example of a long-term project in the supply chain is provided - the project of the ship acquisition. The ship's life cycle is specified from the standpoint of various participants involved in fleet renewal (replenishment) project. Analyzing each phase of the shipping company's life cycle, risks are examined for each phase of the life cycle, including strategic, economic, commercial, credit, informational, ecological. Alternative supply chain strategies are identified. Taking into account the main objectives of supply chain management, a hybrid strategy can be identified that uses both lean and flexible supply chains. When implementing such a strategy, it is possible to reduce the total order fulfillment time; ensure reliability, correct frequency of delivery, quality and flexibility of delivery; optimize inventory levels throughout the supply chain and minimize total costs. Phases of the life cycle of a supply chain management project are highlighted, as the relationships and obligations between various stakeholders require the construction of a flexible supply chain. Such a supply chain involves solving a series of tasks to meet the requirements of stakeholders and customers; before the project reaches the completion phase. The preparation and implementation of individual projects, taking into account the life cycle stage, are carried out based on the selection of supply chain development strategies.This need is realized with the help of formalized methods for selecting projects that most correspond to the company's development strategy and the stage of its life cycle. Depending on the goals of the management, the strategies for further development implemented through individual projects will be different. Based on what development strategy the company sets for itself, this will be the main list of projects that have the greatest value for the company. This research holds both theoretical and practical significance. Theoretically, it contributes to the development of the theory of supply chain management, project management, and strategic management, particularly in the domain of project planning and execution. Practically, it serves as a decision-making tool in the development and implementation of strategies through projects within the supply chain.

ALGORITHM FOR ASSESSING AND ANALYZING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IT COMPANY BUSINESS PROCESSES

Olena Serhiienko, Natalya Chernova, Igor Momotkov, Ostap Huz — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The current state of the IT industry is characterized by a high level of market capitalization and rapid growth rates compared to most other sectors of the global economy. Preservation of the specified competitive position requires research on improving the management efficiency and determines the relevance of the task of evaluating and analyzing IT companies’ business processes system. The problem of analyzing the business process system is sufficiently researched, but the issue of modeling the relationships between individual indicators characterizing business processes and general performance indicators still needs to be refined. Efficiency shows how well the processes in the complex are performed, therefore it is very important not only to evaluate the efficiency indicator quantitatively, but also to determine the degree of influence of individual components on it, to obtain a list of key problematic factors of negative influence, for which minor changes in their course lead to significant changes in the functioning and development of the company as a whole. In the current study, primary attention is paid to strategic business processes, which in turn are decomposed into tactical and operational ones. The overall assessment of the effectiveness of a strategic business process depends on the effectiveness of each subsidiary process. It is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of operational level processes in relation to the amount of labor and material resources spent on their implementation. The purpose of the work is the development and practical implementation of an algorithm for evaluating and analyzing IT company business processes effectiveness. The specified algorithm includes the following main stages: assessment of business process quantitative parameters; building a dependence model of business process results and resource indicators; assessment of business process management efficiency indicators; assessment of the synergistic effect from the implementation of subsidiary business processes. The system of quantitative indicators is obtained as a result of the algorithm implementation. The system allows to rank business processes according to the efficiency level, to determine the degree of influence of business process individual components on the overall efficiency, to evaluate the synergistic effect of the implementation of subsidiary business processes.

EFFICIENCY OF COMPETENCE CENTERS COMBINATION IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT BASED ON A GAME-THEORETIC APPROACH

Liubava Chernova , Iryna Zhuravel — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The implementation of information management systems in companies and the tasks to be solved for their support were considered. It was decided that in order to increase the efficiency of the support process, there is a need to create a center or centers of competences on the side of the client-customer of the information management system. It was shown that the functional model of a system management with several control centers and one managed entity uses a two-level management hierarchy that implements the necessary management functions and is aimed at minimizing costs. On the basis of the game-theoretic model, the synergistic expediency of combining the efforts of competence centers in the management of a certain object, which is a participant in a hierarchical game, has been confirmed. An arbitrary system with two centers of competence was studied as a two-level hierarchical game. The conditions of antagonism, equilibrium of the game were analyzed, and the effectiveness of strategies of merger or cooperation of player control centers in a system with distributed control was confirmed. It was concluded that in the management of complex continuous systems, the unification of competence centers proves its effectiveness in comparison with individual management and facilitates the regulated process of implementing information systems in companies.

MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF IT BUSINESS RISKS ASSESSMENT

Yevgen Gomozov, Vladyslav Mats — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The modern world is a world of almost continuous various disasters. The general concept of risks is closely related to such disasters of a natural, man-made, informational and financial nature. The definition of risks differs greatly among specialists in different industries. Therefore, the formation of general approaches to the description of the indicated phenomena in general terms is relevant. Such general approaches that could lead to the construction of mathematical models of risk analysis and management capable of working in real time. Generally speaking, it is stock and financial markets that instantly react to various environmental changes in a standard way. Such a standard reaction is a sharp change in the rates of financial assets and the collapse of stock markets. Therefore, the authors consider it expedient to start the work with the analysis of the risks of companies and stock markets. The paper analyzed classical approaches to the definition and mathematical modeling of qualitative and quantitative analysis of both the risks of a specific company and the stock market as a whole. An overview of currently existing models for determining and calculating the risks of stock markets is also provided. The hypotheses underlying these models are closely related to probabilistic approaches. Markets are assumed to be stationary and models are assumed to be linear and quadratic. However, due to the complex structure of the current global stock market, these models no longer work. More or less adequate forecasts usually require a large number of observations, work poorly around bifurcations, and do not have a computer implementation that would be able to make forecasts in real time. IT-business markets are changing the fastest, so it was very important to start analyzing the risks of such markets. The work takes the first step in building a "synthetic" model of dynamic calculation and risk management of IT-businesses.